Hi Renee,
I've definitely heard folks complaining of symptoms for weeks after a TUR (transurethral resection), it could be that there were deep biopsies done that take a while to heal. Clots show up after a while and can be painful, produce scary looking urine. Just be alert for fever or signs of infection. As for your other question, the rule of thumb is not to let more than 3 months pass between diagnosis and definitive treatment for a muscle invasive tumor. It takes many years for a tumor to become large enough to cause symptoms and won't grow a whole lot during the period between diagnosis and treatment, but to be safe that 3 month limit is advised in the AUA guidelines.
Take care,
Wendy